Spermidine vs SLU-PP-332
Side-by-side comparison of key properties, dosing, and research.
Anti-Aging & LongevityCognitive Enhancement
SpermidineRecovery & RepairFat Loss & Metabolic
SLU-PP-332- Summary
- Spermidine is a naturally occurring polyamine found in all living cells, with exceptionally high concentrations in wheat germ, aged cheese, and human sperm. It is the most studied autophagy-inducing dietary compound, shown to extend lifespan across multiple species and reduce cardiovascular and cognitive aging.
- SLU-PP-332 is a small molecule exercise mimetic that activates estrogen-related receptors ERRalpha and ERRdelta (ERRa/d), transcription factors that drive oxidative metabolism programs. In animal studies it significantly enhanced endurance capacity and metabolic fitness without exercise, mimicking many of the cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations of aerobic training.
- Half-Life
- ~30–60 minutes, but gut bacteria produce it continuously; supplementation raises tissue levels over weeks
- Not established in humans; rodent pharmacokinetics suggest hours
- Admin Route
- Oral
- Oral (research), Subcutaneous (research)
- Research
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- Typical Dose
- 1–5 mg
- Not established for humans; rodent studies used ~100 mg/kg/day
- Frequency
- Once daily
- Once daily in rodent studies
- Key Benefits
- Induces autophagy — cellular self-cleaning
- Extends lifespan in yeast, flies, worms, and mice
- Reduces cardiovascular aging and arterial stiffness
- Reduces all-cause mortality (human epidemiological data)
- Neuroprotective: reduces amyloid and tau pathology
- Promotes hair growth (anagen phase activation)
- Reduces age-related immune decline
- Improves memory in aging models
- Significant enhancement of aerobic endurance capacity
- Increases mitochondrial density and oxidative metabolism in muscle
- Promotes beneficial shift toward oxidative muscle fiber phenotype
- Improves cardiac efficiency and cardiovascular fitness markers
- Potential for obesity, metabolic syndrome, and heart failure treatment
- Exercise mimetic for populations unable to exercise (disability, frailty, disease)
- Side Effects
- Generally very well tolerated
- Rare: mild GI discomfort at high doses
- May temporarily reduce some gut bacteria species
- Rare: headache at initiation
- Limited human data; all studies are preclinical (rodent)
- Unknown cardiovascular effects with long-term or high-dose use in humans
- Potential hormonal interactions via ERR pathway (ERRs modulate estrogen-related signaling)
- Off-target effects not fully characterized
- Stacks With
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