Thymagen
Also known as: Glu-Asp, Khavinson thymus peptide, Thymic dipeptide bioregulator
Thymagen is a dipeptide bioregulator (Glu-Asp) developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson, tissue-specific for the thymus gland. It supports T-lymphocyte maturation, thymic function, and immune system normalization. As the thymus involutes with age (thymic atrophy), immune competence declines. Thymagen is used to support immune restoration, particularly in aging, post-illness recovery, and immunodeficiency states.
Half-Life
Short (minutes); sustained gene-regulatory effects
Route
SubQ, Oral
Category
Immune Support
Studies
50 references
Key Benefits
- Supports thymic epithelial cell function and T-cell maturation
- May partially restore thymic output reduced by age-related atrophy
- Normalizes T-lymphocyte subpopulation balance
- Supports immune recovery after illness, surgery, or chemotherapy
- Anti-aging effects on thymic tissue
- Complementary to Thymosin Alpha-1 and Thymalin in immune protocols
- May improve vaccine responsiveness in older individuals
Mechanism of Action
Thymagen's dipeptide Glu-Asp interacts with chromatin in thymic epithelial cells and thymocytes, modulating expression of thymic hormones and T-cell differentiation factors. It promotes normalization of T-lymphocyte development and may partially restore thymic output in age-related thymic atrophy. This supports a more youthful immune profile with better T-cell diversity and responsiveness to novel antigens.
Dosing Protocols
Standard Khavinson Protocol
- Dose
- 10 mg per day
- Frequency
- Daily for 10–30 days
- Timing
- Subcutaneous injection or oral (enteric-coated)
- Cycle
- 10–30 day course, repeated 2–4x per year
Often stacked with Epithalon and Vilon in comprehensive immune-longevity protocols. Research use only.
Calculate your draw volume
Enter your vial size and BAC water to get exact injection volumes
Side Effects
- Generally well tolerated
- Mild injection site reactions
- No significant immunological adverse events reported
Contraindications
Not FDA approved. Caution in autoimmune conditions where T-cell activation may worsen disease. Medical oversight recommended.
Storage
Store at 2–8°C. Protect from moisture and light.
Clinical Research
- 1.Key flavor compounds driven by microbiota in fermented cowpeas: Correlation analysis based on GC-MS/GC-IMS and amplicon sequencing
Li Z, Fu L, Song J, Suo H, Zhang Y · Food chemistry: X · 2026PubMed Verified
- 2.Environmental Contributions to Proton Sharing in Protein Low-Barrier Hydrogen Bonds
Lin J, Gerlits O, Kneller DW, Weiss KL, Coates L, Clarke JL et al. · Biochemistry · 2026PubMed Verified
- 3.Dietary fucoidan supplementation ameliorates heat stress-induced liver injury in broilers via modulating peroxidation, lipid metabolism, and ferroptosis
Liang QH, Liu QQ, Tian SZ, Yao QH, Ye XQ, Liu WC · Poultry science · 2026PubMed Verified
- 4.Precision Labeling of Native Antibodies with Lock Coupling
Liu Y, Nadig I, Mehta AS, Chuo SW, Ho YH, Tyler J et al. · Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026PubMed Verified
- 5.Recombinant Expression and Characterization of a New Endogenous and Halophilic GH13_5 Subfamily α-Amylase from Paenibacillus pabuli
Dos Reis KL, Barbosa-Tessmann IP · Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026PubMed Verified
- 6.Side Reaction Analysis in Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis: A Case Study in the Glu-Asp-Tyr Motif
Monti A, Caporale A, Ruvo M, Doti N · Journal of peptide science : an official publication of the European Peptide Society · 2026PubMed Verified
- 7.Influence of Intrinsic Electric Fields and 2-His-1-Carboxylate/Chloride Facial Triad on the Active Sites of 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Enzymes
Gibbs WA, Sayfutyarova ER · The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2025PubMed Verified
- 8.Environmental Contributions to Proton Sharing in Protein Low-Barrier Hydrogen Bonds
Lin J, Gerlits O, Kneller DW, Weiss KL, Coates L, Hix MA et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025PubMed Verified
- 9.AI-designed PNA-peptide chimera overcomes suboptimal binding for dual inhibition of viral RdRp
Shehzadi K, Kalsoom I, Irfan M, Yu MJ, Meng Z, Liang JH · European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026PubMed Verified
- 10.Modulation of flavour perception under sodium-reduced conditions: A sensory-metabolic interaction framework driven by Debaryomyces hansenii SH4 and KCl
Li H, Li H, Yu Q, Sun C, Wang H, Gao Y et al. · Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · 2025PubMed Verified
- 11.Mapping the Subtype-Specific PARP1 ADP-ribosylated Proteome in Breast Cancer Cells
Koul S, Kwon M, Tapadar P, Dai Y, Nandu T, Huang D et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025PubMed Verified
- 12.Current mechanistic insights into biochemical properties and cellular functions of human Caf1 deadenylases
Zhang LN, Li JH, Song HX, Nie XF · Cellular signalling · 2026ReviewPubMed Verified
- 13.Integration of metagenomics and targeted metabolomics reveals the flavor metabolism network of the microbial community in traditional watermelon soybean paste
Tian Z, Koak NH, Kinanti B, Eun JB, Kim YM, Zhao C · Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · 2025PubMed Verified
- 14.Modeling myocardial physiological growth using human pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes and 3D cardiac microtissues
Liu C, Yao J, Wu X, Guo J, Zhan Q, Zhu Y et al. · Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025PubMed Verified
- 15.Lysine-Histidine Transporter 4 (AtLHT4) facilitates the uptake of narciclasine, a bioactive alkaloid, in Arabidopsis
Li J, Cheng Z, Shi R, Qi C, Liu Z, Pu M et al. · Plant physiology and biochemistry : PPB · 2025PubMed Verified
- 16.Characterization and bioaccessibility of Fe(2+)-oat bran peptide chelate
Jin W, Wang L, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Yang L, Wang X et al. · Food chemistry · 2025PubMed Verified
- 17.The Inhibitory Effect and Adsorption Properties of Testagen Peptide on Copper Surfaces in Saline Environments: An Experimental and Computational Study
Dobriţescu A, Samide A, Cioateră N, Mic OC, Ionescu C, Dăbuleanu I et al. · Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025PubMed Verified
- 18.One single hydrogen bond guarantees conformational stability and activity in coproheme decarboxylase from Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Patil G, Frasko P, Lier B, Gabler T, Furtmüller PG, Oostenbrink C et al. · Journal of inorganic biochemistry · 2025PubMed Verified
- 19.Fabrication of Site-Specific 3D Structures via Macroscopic Supramolecular Assembly for Spatially Controlled Alignment of Multiple Cells
Liu Y, Ming R, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Liu Y, Galyametdinov YG et al. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025PubMed Verified
- 20.Enhancement mechanism of printed Ca(2+)-nano starch-xylo oligosaccharide-surimi on antioxidation and transmembrane transport: interaction of digestive products and the cells
Li G, Zhan J, Li J, Huang J, Huang T, Hu Y et al. · Food chemistry · 2025PubMed Verified
- 21.Self-cross-linked carboxymethyl chitosan/polyethylene glycol hydrogel containing bioactive peptide accelerates bacterial-infected wound healing
Ren C, Wang Y, Zhang S, Xu X, Sheng W, Li P et al. · International journal of biological macromolecules · 2025PubMed Verified
- 22.The Antioxidant Tetrapeptide Epitalon Enhances Delayed Wound Healing in an in Vitro Model of Diabetic Retinopathy
Gatta M, Dovizio M, Milillo C, Ruggieri AG, Sallese M, Antonucci I et al. · Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025PubMed Verified
- 23.Bioprosthetic heart valves with zwitterionic copolymer grafting to improve the properties of endothelialization and anti-calcification
Zhu D, Luo Y, Huang S, Ma L · Biomedical materials (Bristol, England) · 2025PubMed Verified
- 24.Flecainide sensitizes conduction to hyponatremia through an ephaptic mechanism
Adams WP, Hoeker GS, Poelzing S · Heart rhythm · 2025PubMed Verified
- 25.Analyzing the Effect of Dried Shrimp on the Flavor of Sheep Bone Soup Through Sensory Evaluation Combined with Untargeted Approaches
Zhu Q, Zhang L, Sun X, Sun B, Zhang Y · Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025PubMed Verified
- 26.Binding of potential antitumor Casiopeínas® to small proteins
Pisanu F, Sciortino G, Maseras F, Ugone V, Sanna D, Garribba E · Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) · 2025PubMed Verified
- 27.Molecular structure and enzymatic mechanism of the human collagen hydroxylysine galactosyltransferase GLT25D1/COLGALT1
De Marco M, Rai SR, Scietti L, Mattoteia D, Liberi S, Moroni E et al. · Nature communications · 2025PubMed Verified
- 28.Overview of Epitalon-Highly Bioactive Pineal Tetrapeptide with Promising Properties
Araj SK, Brzezik J, Mądra-Gackowska K, Szeleszczuk Ł · International journal of molecular sciences · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified
- 29.A self-sacrificing anti-inflammatory coating promotes simultaneous cardiovascular repair and reendothelialization of implanted devices
Peng P, Ding S, Liang M, Zheng W, Kang Y, Liu W et al. · Bioactive materials · 2025PubMed Verified
- 30.Disruption of G3BP1 granules promotes mammalian CNS and PNS axon regeneration
Sahoo PK, Agrawal M, Hanovice N, Ward PJ, Desai M, Smith TP et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025PubMed Verified
- 31.Ubiquitin is directly linked via an ester to protein-conjugated mono-ADP-ribose
Bejan DS, Lacoursiere RE, Pruneda JN, Cohen MS · The EMBO journal · 2025PubMed Verified
- 32.Inhibition effect of AGEs formation in vitro by the two novel peptides EDYGA and DLLCIC derived from Pelodiscus sinensis
Chen N, Wang N, Fang Q, Yu Z, Hu Y, Jin J et al. · Frontiers in nutrition · 2025PubMed Verified
- 33.Super-Enhancer Target Gene CBP/p300-Interacting Transactivator With Glu/Asp-Rich C-Terminal Domain, 2 Cooperates With Transcription Factor Forkhead Box J3 to Inhibit Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling
Li S, Zhang J, Wang X, Wang X, Song Y, Song X et al. · Cell proliferation · 2025PubMed Verified
- 34.Novel Insights Into Peptide-Calcium Chelates From Lentinula edodes: Preparation and Its Structure, Stability, and Calcium Transport Analysis
Gu H, Liang L, Wei Y, Wang JH, Ma W, Fu Y et al. · Food science & nutrition · 2025PubMed Verified
- 35.Prediction of individual total amino acids and free amino acids in Chinese Holstein cows milk using mid-infrared spectroscopy and their phenotypic variability
Chu C, Wen P, Li W, Yang G, Wang D, Ren X et al. · Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.) · 2025PubMed Verified
- 36.Chiral Amino Acids Mediate Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis of Human Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells Under Oxidative Stress
Lu Y, Zhang Y, Jin Z, Cui S, Wu L, He Y · International journal of molecular sciences · 2024PubMed Verified
- 37.An optical BOD biosensor based on intracellular ATP measurements in genetically modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Kanno Y, Tateno Y, Akimoto T · Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2025PubMed Verified
- 38.Reducing the bitterness of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides from soybean protein by NADES-driven Maillard reaction
Song X, Xu Z, Sun H, Cao C, Chang S, Su G et al. · Food chemistry · 2025PubMed Verified
- 39.Injectable and self-healing carboxymethyl chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose/marine snail peptide hydrogel for infected wound healing
Ren C, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Li H, Sheng W, Wang X et al. · International journal of biological macromolecules · 2025PubMed Verified
- 40.Unraveling Spatiotemporal Metabolic Perturbation of Amino Acids Associated with Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by MALDI MS Imaging
Li K, Gong Y, Chang W, Yan J, Hu Y, Pan Z et al. · Molecular neurobiology · 2025PubMed Verified
- 41.Structural Catalytic Core in Subtilisin-like Proteins and Its Comparison to Trypsin-like Serine Proteases and Alpha/Beta-Hydrolases
Denesyuk AI, Denessiouk K, Johnson MS, Uversky VN · International journal of molecular sciences · 2024ReviewPubMed Verified
- 42.Short Peptides Protect Fibroblast-Derived Induced Neurons from Age-Related Changes
Kraskovskaya N, Linkova N, Sakhenberg E, Krieger D, Polyakova V, Medvedev D et al. · International journal of molecular sciences · 2024PubMed Verified
- 43.A binuclear metallohydrolase model for RelA/SpoT-Homolog (RSH) hydrolases
Zhou RW, Manisa B, Wang B · The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024PubMed Verified
- 44.Lanthanum(III)-amino acid chelate mitigates copper(II) stress in rice (Oryza sativa)
Chen J, Zhong Y · Scientific reports · 2024PubMed Verified
- 45.Balancing functions of antifouling, nitric oxide release and vascular cell selectivity for enhanced endothelialization of assembled multilayers
Zhang S, Sun J, Guo S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Lei J et al. · Regenerative biomaterials · 2024PubMed Verified
- 46.Structural, Biochemical, and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bacterial and Fungal Carbohydrate Esterase Family 15 Glucuronoyl Esterases in the Rumen
Gruninger RJ, Kevorkova M, Low KE, Jones DR, Worrall L, McAllister TA et al. · The protein journal · 2024PubMed Verified
- 47.Polyphenol-Reinforced Glycocalyx-Like Hydrogel Coating Induced Myocardial Regeneration and Immunomodulation
Wan H, Yang X, Zhang Y, Liu X, Li Y, Qin Y et al. · ACS nano · 2024PubMed Verified
- 48.Discovery of ester-linked ubiquitylation of PARP10 mono-ADP-ribosylation in cells: a dual post-translational modification on Glu/Asp side chains
Bejan DS, Lacoursiere RE, Pruneda JN, Cohen MS · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024PubMed Verified
- 49.Cited2 is a key regulator of placental development and plasticity
Kuna M, Soares MJ · BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2024ReviewPubMed Verified
- 50.Disruption of G3BP1 Granules Promotes Mammalian CNS and PNS Axon Regeneration
Sahoo PK, Agrawal M, Hanovice N, Ward P, Desai M, Smith TP et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025PubMed Verified
Medical disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Many compounds listed are research chemicals not approved for human use. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any protocol.
Was this page helpful?
Launching soon
Build and track your protocol in Staqk
Log doses, track timing, monitor biomarkers, and manage every compound in your stack — all in one place.