Mazdutide
Also known as: IBI362, OXM3, GLP-1/Glucagon Dual Agonist
Mazdutide is a once-weekly GLP-1/glucagon dual receptor agonist developed by Innovent Biologics and Eli Lilly. Phase 2 trials in Chinese populations demonstrated up to 11.3% body weight reduction at 6 mg over 24 weeks. It also improves liver fat, glycemic control, and lipid profiles. Phase 3 trials are ongoing primarily in China.
Half-Life
~7 days
Route
SubQ
Category
GLP-1 / Weight Loss Agonists
Studies
33 references
Key Benefits
- Up to 11.3% body weight reduction at 24 weeks (Phase 2, 6 mg dose)
- Significant reduction in liver fat content (NAFLD/MASH potential)
- Improves HbA1c and fasting glucose in type 2 diabetes
- Favorable lipid profile changes (reduced triglycerides)
- Once-weekly subcutaneous dosing
- Potential for superior weight loss vs GLP-1 monotherapy
Mechanism of Action
Mazdutide simultaneously activates GLP-1 receptors (appetite suppression, insulin secretion, gastric emptying) and glucagon receptors (increased energy expenditure, hepatic fat oxidation). Glucagon receptor agonism in the liver drives fatty acid beta-oxidation and reduces hepatic steatosis, making it particularly promising for NAFLD/MASH. The dual mechanism produces greater weight loss than GLP-1 monotherapy alone by adding thermogenic and lipolytic effects.
Dosing Protocols
Phase 2 Research Protocol
- Dose
- 1.5 mg → 3 mg → 4.5 mg → 6 mg
- Frequency
- Once weekly
- Timing
- Subcutaneous injection, same day each week
- Cycle
- Titrated over 12 weeks, continued to 24 weeks
Phase 2 GLORY-1 trial doses. For research reference only — not FDA approved. Phase 3 (GLORY-3) ongoing.
Calculate your draw volume
Enter your vial size and BAC water to get exact injection volumes
Side Effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Decreased appetite
- Diarrhea
- Injection site reactions
- Heart rate increase (glucagon receptor effect)
- Potential hypoglycemia
Contraindications
Not FDA approved — investigational. Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or MEN2. Pregnancy.
Storage
Refrigerate at 2–8°C. Protect from light. Do not freeze.
Clinical Research
- 1.Incretin-Based Dual and Triple Agonists in Overweight or Obese Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Chan ZH, Omar AS, Gill K, Volucke G, Azhar MM, Haleem SM et al. · Cardiology in review · 2026PubMed Verified
- 2.A Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation of Long-Acting GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes Management
Chen Q, Chen T, Lin W, Chen X · Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026PubMed Verified
- 3.Research progress on multidimensional intervention strategies for hyperuricemia: Western medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and emerging therapies
Li X, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Fan C, Chen L, Xu X et al. · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified
- 4.IUPHAR review: From foe to friend: Repurposing glucagon to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes
Elmendorf AJ, Yousefian M, Kim IM, Hardaway JA, Habegger K, Flak JN · Pharmacological research · 2026ReviewPubMed Verified
- 5.Mazdutide versus dulaglutide in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes
Guo L, Zhang B, Xue X, Zhang X, Cai H, Jiang H et al. · Nature · 2025PubMed Verified
- 6.Mazdutide versus placebo in Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes
Zhu D, Zhao J, Cai H, Chu X, Xiu S, Song C et al. · Nature · 2025PubMed Verified
- 7.Obesity in China: current progress and future prospects
Pan XF, Fang ZZ, Zhang L, Pan A · The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology · 2026ReviewPubMed Verified
- 8.Harnessing GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Obesity Treatment: Prospects and Obstacles on the Horizon
Abdelrahman RM, Musa TH, Arbab IA, Suliman MH, Ahmed EO, Mohamed AN et al. · Journal of obesity · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified
- 9.Mazdutide versus Semaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity: Rationale, design and baseline data of DREAMS-3 phase 3 trial
Luo Y, Jiang H, Shi B, Cai H, Wang H, Li S et al. · Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Clinical TrialPubMed Verified
- 10.Novel GLP-1-Based Medications for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity
Son JW, le Roux CW, Blüher M, Nauck MA, Lim S · Endocrine reviews · 2025PubMed Verified
- 11.Case Report: Efficacy and safety of dose-escalated Mazdutide, a GLP-1/GCGR dual agonist, in an adolescent with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hyperuricemia
Cheng W, Chen Z, Li P, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Liu P et al. · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Case ReportPubMed Verified
- 12.Mazdutide: First Approval
Shirley M · Drugs · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified
- 13.Shared mechanistic pathways of glucagon signalling: Unlocking its potential for treating obesity, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, and other cardio-kidney-metabolic conditions
Neff GW · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified
- 14.Once-Weekly Mazdutide in Obesity or Overweight. Reply
Ji L, Qian L · The New England journal of medicine · 2025PubMed Verified
- 15.Once-Weekly Mazdutide in Obesity or Overweight
Zhang Y, Yu L, Liu ZT · The New England journal of medicine · 2025PubMed Verified
- 16.Mazdutide reduces body weight in adults with overweight or obesity: A high-dose Phase 1 trial
Bhattachar SN, Tham LS, Li Y, Chua L, Ng SX, Tang Y et al. · Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025RCTPubMed Verified
- 17.Multiparametric MRI Evaluation of Liver Fat and Iron after Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor and Glucagon Receptor Dual-Agonist Treatment in a High-Fat Diet-induced Mouse Model
Xia H, Min Y, Wang Y, Gao S, Wang H, Yan F et al. · Radiology · 2025PubMed Verified
- 18.Review: Special Issue: Real-world evidence on the use of GLP1 receptor agonists: Emerging concepts in obesity management: focus on glucagon receptor agonist combinations
Anderson SL · Drugs in context · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified
- 19.Mazdutide, a dual agonist targeting GLP-1R and GCGR, mitigates diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction: mechanistic insights from multi-omics analysis
Dong W, Bai J, Yuan Q, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z et al. · EBioMedicine · 2025PubMed Verified
- 20.Once-Weekly Mazdutide in Chinese Adults with Obesity or Overweight
Ji L, Jiang H, Bi Y, Li H, Tian J, Liu D et al. · The New England journal of medicine · 2025RCTPubMed Verified
- 21.Multifunctional incretin peptides in therapies for type 2 diabetes, obesity and associated co-morbidities
Bailey CJ, Flatt PR, Conlon JM · Peptides · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified
- 22.Comparative efficacy of incretin drugs on glycemic control, body weight, and blood pressure in adults with overweight or obesity and with/without type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Liu S, Hu J, Zhao C, Liu H, He C · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Meta-AnalysisPubMed Verified
- 23.Emerging pharmacotherapies for obesity: A systematic review
Kokkorakis M, Chakhtoura M, Rhayem C, Al Rifai J, Ghezzawi M, Valenzuela-Vallejo L et al. · Pharmacological reviews · 2025Meta-AnalysisPubMed Verified
- 24.Approved and Emerging Hormone-Based Anti-Obesity Medications: A Review Article
Sidrak WR, Kalra S, Kalhan A · Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2024ReviewPubMed Verified
- 25.Seven glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and polyagonists for weight loss in patients with obesity or overweight: an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Xie Z, Zheng G, Liang Z, Li M, Deng W, Cao W · Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2024Meta-AnalysisPubMed Verified
- 26.Mazdutide Versus Dulaglutide for Weight Loss and Diabetes Management: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Ayesh H, Ayesh S, Niswender K · American journal of therapeutics · 2024Meta-AnalysisPubMed Verified
- 27.Oral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and combinations of entero-pancreatic hormones as treatments for adults with type 2 diabetes: where are we now?
Gogineni P, Melson E, Papamargaritis D, Davies M · Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy · 2024ReviewPubMed Verified
- 28.Safety and efficacy of GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Deng B, Ruan T, Lu W, Ying J, Li S, Zhou R et al. · Endocrine · 2024Meta-AnalysisPubMed Verified
- 29.Efficacy and safety of Mazdutide on weight loss among diabetic and non-diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Nalisa DL, Cuboia N, Dyab E, Jackson IL, Felix HJ, Shoki P et al. · Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Meta-AnalysisPubMed Verified
- 30.A phase 2 randomised controlled trial of mazdutide in Chinese overweight adults or adults with obesity
Ji L, Jiang H, Cheng Z, Qiu W, Liao L, Zhang Y et al. · Nature communications · 2023RCTPubMed Verified
- 31.Efficacy and Safety of Mazdutide in Chinese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Trial
Zhang B, Cheng Z, Chen J, Zhang X, Liu D, Jiang H et al. · Diabetes care · 2024RCTPubMed Verified
- 32.Safety and efficacy of a GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist mazdutide (IBI362) 9 mg and 10 mg in Chinese adults with overweight or obesity: A randomised, placebo-controlled, multiple-ascending-dose phase 1b trial
Ji L, Gao L, Jiang H, Yang J, Yu L, Wen J et al. · EClinicalMedicine · 2022PubMed Verified
- 33.A phase 1b randomised controlled trial of a glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist IBI362 (LY3305677) in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes
Jiang H, Pang S, Zhang Y, Yu T, Liu M, Deng H et al. · Nature communications · 2022RCTPubMed Verified
Medical disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Many compounds listed are research chemicals not approved for human use. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting any protocol.
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