Kisspeptin-10

Key Benefits#

• Potently stimulates LH and testosterone
• Enhances sexual arousal and libido
• Activates HPG axis — upstream of GnRH
• May improve fertility in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
• Increases brain activation in sexual attraction circuits
• May restore LH pulsatility in suppressed HPG axis

Mechanism of Action#

Kisspeptin-10 (KP-10) binds KISS1R (GPR54), which is expressed on GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus. Activation of KISS1R drives pulsatile GnRH release, which cascades to LH and FSH release from the pituitary, and ultimately testosterone and estrogen production from the gonads. KP-10 is one of the most potent endogenous stimulators of GnRH. In the brain, KISS1R is also expressed in limbic regions, where kisspeptin modulates sexual attraction, arousal, and approach behavior.

Dosing Protocols#

Side Effects#

• Injection site reactions
• Temporary nausea
• Flushing
• Elevated LH/testosterone (intended effect)
• Tachycardia at high doses (rare)

Contraindications#

Avoid in hormone-sensitive cancers. Not recommended in continuous dosing (receptor desensitization). Limited safety data in women with PCOS (may over-stimulate).

Storage#

Store lyophilized at -20°C. Reconstituted: 4°C, use within 14 days. Very sensitive to temperature — avoid room temperature storage.

Featured In Stacks#

1. 1.
   Integrated transcriptomics and miRNA-mRNA network analysis reveals Kisspeptin-10 mediated regulation of EMT and apoptosis in glioblastoma

   Shah H, Mohan AM, Shah R, Mehta D, Ramachandran AV, Pandya P · Computational biology and chemistry · 2026PubMed Verified

2. 2.
   Dual role of Kisspeptin-10 in modulating neuroinflammation: Downregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and Caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis, and activation of BAG3-dependent aggrephagy in microglial cells

   Kalkan ÖF, Erdem Ş, Erdem M, Ateşer Kalkan S, Şahin Z, Uzun AY et al. · Neuropeptides · 2026PubMed Verified

3. 3.
   High-Fat Diet Promotes Glycolysis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Suppressing Hepatic Kisspeptin Signaling in Mice

   Zhao R, Nie L, Shi Y, Jin L, Pan Y, Zhang X et al. · Molecular carcinogenesis · 2026PubMed Verified

4. 4.
   Kisspeptin-10 Ameliorates Obesity-Diabetes with Diverse Effects on Ileal Enteroendocrine Cells and Pancreatic Islet Morphology in High-Fat Fed Female Mice

   Sridhar A, Khan D, Muthukumar R, Sampathkumar S, Irwin N, Flatt PR et al. · Biomolecules · 2025PubMed Verified

5. 5.
   Intravenous kisspeptin 112-121 bolus does not acutely impact circulating vasopressin in humans

   Galbiati F, Plessow F, Plummer L, Campbell MB, Nazarloo S, Carter CS et al. · Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Clinical TrialPubMed Verified

6. 6.
   Decidual cell invasion and decidualization at the trophoblast-decidual interaction in the progression of cesarean scar pregnancy

   Li X, Qi F, Guo M, Qian J, Chen T, Yu Y et al. · Journal of reproductive immunology · 2025PubMed Verified

7. 7.
   Exogenous kisspeptin-10 treatment shows pleiotropy via induction of KISS1 expression, metastasis suppression, and promotes apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer

   Shah H, Mohan AM, Buch L, Ramachandran AV, Pandya P · Scientific reports · 2025PubMed Verified

8. 8.
   Phase-dependent changes in serum kisspeptin and irisin levels across the menstrual cycle in healthy women

   Algul S, Erdogan BA, Karaman E, Ozcelik O · Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026PubMed Verified

9. 9.
   Kisspeptin-10 Preserves the Blood-Brain Barrier's Integrity Post-Stroke by Augmenting Claudin-10 Expression

   Li L, Guo Y, Zhao K · Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology · 2025PubMed Verified

10. 10.
    Kisspeptin-10 Improves Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Symptoms in Rats by Suppressing Insulin Resistance in Placental Trophoblast Cells by Activating the Cyclic AMP/Protein Kinase A Pathway

    Li J, Chen J, Lu L, Gan B · Chemical biology & drug design · 2025PubMed Verified

11. 11.
    Kisspeptin as a marker for male infertility: a comparative study of serum and seminal plasma kisspeptin between fertile and infertile men

    Parkpinyo N, Anekpornwattana S, Sitticharoon C, Petyim S · Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025PubMed Verified

12. 12.
    Deciphering protein-DNA interactions of KISS1 with transcription factors through molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and gene expression analysis

    Shah H, Pillai P, Buch L, Ramachandran AV, Pandya P · Journal of biomolecular structure & dynamics · 2025PubMed Verified

13. 13.
    Kisspeptin-10 protects against HIV-1 Tat-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction and neuroinflammation via RhoA/ROCK pathway: Implications for HAND therapy

    Cheng C, Xiong D, Zheng F, Wang T, Li W · Neurotoxicology · 2025PubMed Verified

14. 14.
    Associations between kisspeptin hormone level and its genetic polymorphisms with polycystic ovary syndrome

    Zheng Z, Ma Y, Shi Y, Xu Y · International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Meta-AnalysisPubMed Verified

15. 15.
    Oral Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Based on Ion Exchange Strategy for Multipronged Management of Wilson's Disease Complicated with Reproductive Dysfunction Therapy

    Wang T, Lu W, Cheng Z, Wang L, Jiang Z, Yue Y et al. · Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025PubMed Verified

16. 16.
    The association between 1st trimester serum kisspeptin level and antenatal complications

    Günday ÖK, Vurmaz A, Yılmazer M · Ceska gynekologie · 2025PubMed Verified

17. 17.
    Kisspeptin Suppresses the Growth of Primary Pterygial Cells via Inhibiting Chemokine (C-X-C Motif) Ligands in Microenvironment

    Wu P, Liu S, Xu T, Zhao G · Current eye research · 2025PubMed Verified

18. 18.
    Effect of neurokinin B and dynorphin A on kisspeptin-10 secretion from the anterior pituitary cells of pubescent ewes in vitro

    Szysiak N, Kosior-Korzecka U, Greguła-Kania M, Patkowski K, Fila M, Junkuszew A · Journal of veterinary research · 2025PubMed Verified

19. 19.
    Hypothalamic kisspeptin alleviates myasthenia gravis by regulating Th1/Th17/Treg balance through Inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway

    Lu D, Liu L, Que W, Fan R, Ke P, Dong J et al. · Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025PubMed Verified

20. 20.
    Effects of Kisspeptin on rabbit ovulation: a comprehensive study of ovulatory, endocrine and histological response

    Gimeno-Martos S, Gómez-León A, Luigia B, Lorenzo PL, María AÁ, Rosa María GG et al. · Theriogenology · 2025PubMed Verified

21. 21.
    Kisspeptin system-physiology and clinical perspectives

    Stoynev N, Kumanov P · Annales d'endocrinologie · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified

22. 22.
    Kisspeptin Receptor Agonists and Antagonists: Strategies for Discovery and Implications for Human Health and Disease

    Chen X, Yang S, Shaw ND, Xia M · International journal of molecular sciences · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified

23. 23.
    Kisspeptin-10 Protects Against TNF-α-Induced Chondrocyte Senescence via the SIRT1/p53/p21 Signaling

    Qiu J, Chen G, Peng G, Qu G, Ren T, Deng J · Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2025PubMed Verified

24. 24.
    Kisspeptin-10 Prevents the Development of Cerebral Aneurysms by Reducing the Expression of Egr-1

    Yu H, Xie M, Liufu X, Xu Y, Chen L · CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025PubMed Verified

25. 25.
    Adult Neurogenesis Is Regulated by the Endocannabinoid and Kisspeptin Systems

    Marino M, Di Pietro P, D'Auria R, Lombardi M, Pastorino GMG, Troisi J et al. · International journal of molecular sciences · 2025PubMed Verified

26. 26.
    The effect of COVID-19 on placental functioning in South African pregnancies: investigation of kisspeptin expression and vascular and inflammatory alterations

    Heeralall C, Ibrahim UH, Jenneker M, Singh S, Matjila M, Lazarus L et al. · Histochemistry and cell biology · 2025PubMed Verified

27. 27.
    Kisspeptin 10 Inhibited the Proliferation, Migration, and Stemness of Esophageal Cancer Cells via Regulating the SIX1/Wnt/β-Catetin Signaling

    Guo C, Wu G, Liu T · Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2025PubMed Verified

28. 28.
    Can kisspeptin be a new treatment for sexual dysfunction?

    Bakker J · Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified

29. 29.
    Influence of neurokinin B, dynorphin A and kisspeptin-10 on in vitro gonadotropin secretion by anterior pituitary cells isolated from pubescent ewes

    Szysiak N, Kosior-Korzecka U, Longo V, Patkowski K, Greguła-Kania M, Nowakiewicz A et al. · Journal of veterinary research · 2025PubMed Verified

30. 30.
    New Insights in Bovine Follicular Cysts

    Carbonari A, Martino NA, Burgio M, Cicirelli V, Frattina L, Dell'Aquila ME et al. · Reproduction in domestic animals = Zuchthygiene · 2025PubMed Verified

31. 31.
    Kisspeptin Administration Stimulates Reproductive Hormones but Does Not Affect Anxiety in Humans

    Mills EG, Thurston L, Yang L, Hunjan T, Phylactou M, Patel B et al. · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025RCTPubMed Verified

32. 32.
    Association between PFAS exposure and metabolic-related biomarkers in Spanish adolescents

    Rodriguez-Carrillo A, Vela-Soria F, Smagulova F, Fernández MF, Freire C · Environmental research · 2025PubMed Verified

33. 33.
    Sex-dependent increases in oxytocin levels in response to intravenous kisspeptin in humans

    Galbiati F, Plessow F, Plummer L, Campbell MB, Nazarloo S, Carter CS et al. · European journal of endocrinology · 2025Clinical TrialPubMed Verified

34. 34.
    Dysregulated serum levels of kisspeptin, NKB, GABA in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and their association with hormonal profiles

    Cheng R, Zhu Y, Yang LQ, Xiao L, Fang XH, Zhang Q · Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology · 2025PubMed Verified

35. 35.
    Association of Kisspeptin and KISS(1) Gene Polymorphism (rs35431622) with Circulating Sex Hormones and Male Infertility

    Prasath N, Arul Senghor KA, Vinodhini VM, Anuradha M · Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025PubMed Verified

36. 36.
    The Neuroendocrine Regulation of Reproductive Behavior and Emotional Control by Kisspeptin

    Mills EG, Tsoutsouki J, Pierret ACS, Comninos AN, Dhillo WS · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified

37. 37.
    Distribution of the kisspeptin system and its relation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the hypothalamus

    Dorfman VB · Vitamins and hormones · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified

38. 38.
    Kisspeptin control of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian functions

    Joy KP, Chaube R · Vitamins and hormones · 2025ReviewPubMed Verified

39. 39.
    Effect of a GnRH injection on kisspeptin levels in girls with suspected precocious puberty: a randomized-controlled pilot study

    Rodanaki M, Rask E, Lodefalk M · Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEM · 2025RCTPubMed Verified

40. 40.
    Central administration of p234, kisspeptin antagonist, but not kisspeptin-10, reduces the power of epileptiform activity and slow EEG waves in male rats

    Kalkan ÖF, Şahin Z, Aktaş O, Yildirim A, Aydin Abidin S, Özyaşar AF et al. · Neurological research · 2025PubMed Verified

41. 41.
    Synthesis and characterisation of DOTA-kisspeptin-10 as a potential gallium-68/lutetium-177 pan-tumour radiopharmaceutical

    Kleynhans J, Reeve R, Driver CHS, Marjanovic-Painter B, Sathekge M, Zeevaart JR et al. · Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2025PubMed Verified

42. 42.
    Design and implication of a breast cancer-targeted drug delivery system utilizing the Kisspeptin/GPR54 system

    Nie Y, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Liang Z, Lei Z, Chang M et al. · International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025PubMed Verified

43. 43.
    Author Correction: Kisspeptin-10 binding to Gpr54 in osteoclasts prevents bone loss by activating Dusp18-mediated dephosphorylation of Src

    Li Z, Yang X, Fu R, Wu Z, Xu S, Jiao J et al. · Nature communications · 2024PubMed Verified

44. 44.
    The antidepressant-like effects of kisspeptin-10 are reversed by kisspeptin antagonist peptide 234 in male rats

    Serhatlioglu I, Kacar E, Yardimci A, Ulker Ertugrul N, Bulmus O, Ercan Z et al. · Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France) · 2024PubMed Verified

45. 45.
    Clinical and Genetic Mechanisms in Patients with <italic>MC2R</italic> Deficiency Presenting with Early Puberty

    Karakilic Ozturan E, Karakilic Ozturan E, Yavas Abali Z, Karaman V, Poyrazoglu S, Uyguner ZO et al. · Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025PubMed Verified

46. 46.
    Comprehensive Study on Central Precocious Puberty: Molecular and Clinical Analyses in 90 Patients

    Narusawa H, Ogawa T, Yagasaki H, Nagasaki K, Urakawa T, Saito T et al. · The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025PubMed Verified

47. 47.
    Investigation of effect peripheral kisspeptin treatment on hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in male rats

    Sahin Z, Aktas O, Kalkan OF, Cuce G, Alver A, Sahin E et al. · Biologia futura · 2024PubMed Verified

48. 48.
    Comprehensive Analysis of Kisspeptin Signaling: Effects on Cellular Dynamics in Cervical Cancer

    Rodríguez-Sarmiento DY, Rondón-Villarreal P, Scarpelli-Pereira PH, Bouvier M · Biomolecules · 2024PubMed Verified

49. 49.
    An association between fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) (rs9939609) and kisspeptin-1 (KISS-1) (rs4889, rs372790354) gene polymorphisms with polycystic ovary syndrome: an updated meta-analysis and power analysis

    Stephen SB, Pauline R, Velmurugan S, Subbaraj GK · Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Meta-AnalysisPubMed Verified

50. 50.
    The Investigation of Kisspeptin, Spexin and Galanin in Euthyroid Women with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

    Can U, Akdu S, Aktan AH · Endocrine research · 2025PubMed Verified