Thymosin Alpha-1 vs SS-31 (Elamipretide)
Side-by-side comparison of key properties, dosing, and research.
Immune SupportAnti-Aging & Longevity
Thymosin Alpha-1Anti-Aging & Longevity
SS-31 (Elamipretide)- Summary
- Thymosin Alpha-1 is a naturally occurring 28-amino acid peptide derived from the thymus gland. It is a powerful immune modulator approved in many countries for treating chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and as an adjunct in cancer immunotherapy.
- SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a synthetic mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane and protects cardiolipin from oxidative damage. It is one of the most promising mitochondrial longevity compounds, studied in clinical trials for heart failure, renal disease, and age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction.
- Half-Life
- 2–3 hours
- ~2–5 hours
- Admin Route
- SubQ
- SubQ
- Research
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- —
- Typical Dose
- 0.8–1.6 mg
- 5–10 mg
- Frequency
- Twice weekly
- Daily to several times per week
- Key Benefits
- Enhances T-cell and NK cell activity
- Supports recovery from viral and bacterial infections
- May reduce inflammation systemically
- Supports healthy aging and immune resilience
- Improves vaccine response
- Supports liver health
- May help with chronic fatigue syndrome and post-viral conditions
- Approved in multiple countries for hepatitis B and C treatment
- Restores mitochondrial function and ATP production
- Protects inner mitochondrial membrane cardiolipin
- Reduces mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS)
- Improves exercise capacity and reduces fatigue
- Cardioprotective — studied in heart failure trials
- Renoprotective — reduces ischemic kidney injury
- Anti-aging via mitochondrial preservation
- Potential in neurodegenerative disease prevention
- Side Effects
- Injection site irritation
- Mild flu-like symptoms initially (immune activation)
- Fatigue (rare)
- Injection site irritation
- Nausea (rare)
- Generally well-tolerated in clinical trials
- Stacks With
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