SLU-PP-332 vs Thymosin Alpha-1
Side-by-side comparison of key properties, dosing, and research.
Recovery & RepairFat Loss & Metabolic
SLU-PP-332Immune SupportAnti-Aging & Longevity
Thymosin Alpha-1- Summary
- SLU-PP-332 is a small molecule exercise mimetic that activates estrogen-related receptors ERRalpha and ERRdelta (ERRa/d), transcription factors that drive oxidative metabolism programs. In animal studies it significantly enhanced endurance capacity and metabolic fitness without exercise, mimicking many of the cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations of aerobic training.
- Thymosin Alpha-1 is a naturally occurring 28-amino acid peptide derived from the thymus gland. It is a powerful immune modulator approved in many countries for treating chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and as an adjunct in cancer immunotherapy.
- Half-Life
- Not established in humans; rodent pharmacokinetics suggest hours
- 2–3 hours
- Admin Route
- Oral (research), Subcutaneous (research)
- SubQ
- Research
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- Typical Dose
- Not established for humans; rodent studies used ~100 mg/kg/day
- 0.8–1.6 mg
- Frequency
- Once daily in rodent studies
- Twice weekly
- Key Benefits
- Significant enhancement of aerobic endurance capacity
- Increases mitochondrial density and oxidative metabolism in muscle
- Promotes beneficial shift toward oxidative muscle fiber phenotype
- Improves cardiac efficiency and cardiovascular fitness markers
- Potential for obesity, metabolic syndrome, and heart failure treatment
- Exercise mimetic for populations unable to exercise (disability, frailty, disease)
- Enhances T-cell and NK cell activity
- Supports recovery from viral and bacterial infections
- May reduce inflammation systemically
- Supports healthy aging and immune resilience
- Improves vaccine response
- Supports liver health
- May help with chronic fatigue syndrome and post-viral conditions
- Approved in multiple countries for hepatitis B and C treatment
- Side Effects
- Limited human data; all studies are preclinical (rodent)
- Unknown cardiovascular effects with long-term or high-dose use in humans
- Potential hormonal interactions via ERR pathway (ERRs modulate estrogen-related signaling)
- Off-target effects not fully characterized
- Injection site irritation
- Mild flu-like symptoms initially (immune activation)
- Fatigue (rare)
- Stacks With
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